Hauv cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb xws li cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, cov chaw tsim khoom loj, cov tsev kho mob, thiab cov chaw hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev,cov khoom siv hluav taws xob diesel high voltageua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog thaub qab kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev muab hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev muab hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thaum muaj hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm. Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog siab yog qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ntseeg tau ntawm tag nrho lub zog hluav taws xob nrog rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv. Cov neeg feem coob paub txog lub cav, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab lub kaw lus tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, tab sis feem ntau tsis quav ntsej txog cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa tsis pom tseeb tab sis tseem ceeb - lublub txee tiv thaiv av tsis muaj zog(hu ua lub txee tiv thaiv av). Ua haujlwm ua "lub qhov rooj tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb" thiab "lub qhov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv qhov txhaum" rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv lub kaw lus tiv thaiv av ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob diesel siab, ntsiag to tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab tag nrho lub zog hluav taws xob.
1. Lub txee tiv thaiv av yog dab tsi?
Lub txee tiv thaiv av ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel siab voltage yog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv av tiav uas tsim tshwj xeeb rau 6kV ~ 20kV cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab voltage. Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov resistors siab zog, cov qauv txhawb nqa rwb thaiv tsev, cov khoom saib xyuas qhov txhaum, cov txee kaw thiab lwm yam. Nws txoj kev teeb tsa yog qhov tseem ceeb: ib kawg txuas nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab lwm qhov kawg txuas nrog lub network av tshwj xeeb ntawm lub Hoobkas. Yeej, nws tsim txoj hauv kev av uas tswj tau thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau qhov nruab nrab ntawmcov khoom siv hluav taws xob diesel high voltage.
Txawv ntawm hom kev siv av ncaj qha yooj yim ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob qis-voltage, cov tshuab hluav taws xob diesel siab-voltage raug txwv tsis pub siv av ncaj qha lossis tsis siv av. Kev siv av ncaj qha yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau thiab hlawv cov stator windings ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd; kev siv av tag nrho yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij zais xws li lub kaw lus overvoltage thiab kev tso tawm arc tas mus li. Los ntawm kev siv cov resistors sib phim kom raug rau qhov nruab nrab tsis kam av, lub txee av tiv thaiv zoo meej sib npaug qhov kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab-voltage, ua rau nws yog lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas tau hloov kho rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab-voltage.
2. Lub Hauv Paus Ua Haujlwm ntawm Grounding Resistance Txee
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab ib txwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub cev muaj zog sib npaug yam tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm av, thiab qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab yog ze rau xoom. Lub txee tiv thaiv av tseem nyob hauv lub xeev tos txais yam tsis muaj tam sim no hla dhau, ua rau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis poob hluav taws xob rau kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev xa hluav taws xob ib txwm ntawm lub tshuab.
Thaum ibib theem grounding fault(qhov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev laus ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab, xob laim, thiab kev sib cuag ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws) tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm theem tsis zoo poob qis, qhov chaw nruab nrab nce siab tsis zoo, thiab qhov tam sim no ntawm qhov teeb meem hauv av capacitive raug tsim tawm hauv lub tshuab. Lub sijhawm no, lub txee tiv thaiv av ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd. Lub resistive resistor txuas nrog rau hauv lub voj voog tsis zoo kom hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov tam sim no tsis zoo, txwv tam sim no thiab siv zog los ntawm kev tiv thaiv, tswj qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab, thiab muab cov cim qhia tsis zoo ruaj khov rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay kom paub txog qhov teeb meem ceeb toom ua ntej thiab pov tseg, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem nce siab.
3. Plaub Lub Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Grounding Resistance Txee
3.1 Txwv Qhov Tam Sim No Uas Muaj Teeb Meem Thiab Tiv Thaiv Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Chav Tseem Ceeb
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub txee tiv thaiv av. Lub stator winding rwb thaiv tsev txheej ntawmcov khoom siv hluav taws xob siabyog qhov tseeb thiab tsis yooj yim puas. Yog tias muaj qhov txhaum ntawm ib theem av, tsis muaj kev txwv tam sim no, lub kaw lus capacitive tam sim ntawd yuav nce mus txog ntau pua lossis txawm tias ntau txhiab amperes. Qhov txhaum loj tam sim no yuav tsim cov arcs kub siab uas ncaj qha hlawv thiab rhuav tshem lub stator hlau core thiab winding rwb thaiv tsev. Hauv cov xwm txheej me me, nws ua rau kev puas tsuaj rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev ua haujlwm poob qis ntawm lub tshuab; hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws ua rau hlau core yaj thiab winding hlawv, ua rau cov khoom siv poob ntawm kaum tawm txhiab lossis ntau pua txhiab yuan thiab lub voj voog txij nkawm ntev heev.
Lub txee tiv thaiv av tuaj yeem phim tus nqi tiv thaiv raws li lub peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab, txwv tsis pub muaj qhov hluav taws xob hauv av hauv qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab (feem ntau tswj tau hauv 50A rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab ib txwm muaj). Nws tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hlawv vim muaj hluav taws xob ntau xwb, tab sis kuj tseem khaws cov hluav taws xob txaus kom ua rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv, ua tiav qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm "txwv tam sim no yam tsis thaiv lub tswb ceeb toom" thiab ua kom lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob ntev dua.
3.2 Tswj cov Arcs thiab Overvoltage kom tsis txhob muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv lub cev
Hauv cov tshuab fais fab uas muaj hluav taws xob ntau, cov teeb meem hauv av ib theem yuav ua rau muaj cov arcs tsis tu ncua. Qhov kev ploj mus thiab rov ua dua ntawm cov arcs yuav ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau (arc overvoltage) 3 txog 5 zaug ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob theem. Qhov hluav taws xob siab tam sim ntawd yuav rhuav tshem cov qauv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom siv txhawb nqa xws li cov kab, cov switchgears thiab cov transformers, ua rau muaj cov teeb meem cascading suav nrog ntau lub voj voog luv luv thiab cov khoom siv tawg, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tag nrho lub tshuab fais fab.
Cov hluav taws xob resistive uas lub txee grounding resistance tau tsim tawm tuaj yeem them rov qab qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog capacitive tam sim no ntawm lub kaw lus, txo qhov feem pua ntawm kev rov ua hluav taws xob arc, thiab tua cov teeb meem grounding sai sai. Lub caij no, nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo clamp lub kaw lus overvoltage thiab tswj cov kev hloov pauv voltage hauv qhov chaw nyab xeeb, tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev puas tsuaj loj los ntawm overvoltage, thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab ke high-voltage.
3.3 Txhim Kho Kev Tiv Thaiv Relay thiab Paub Txog Qhov Chaw Ua Txhaum Tseeb
Yog tias qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab tsis tau grounded, qhov tam sim no uas tsim los ntawm cov teeb meem grounding yuav tsis muaj zog heev, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay kom paub tseeb cov teeb meem. Qhov no yooj yim ua rau tsis kam lossis ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv, tsis tuaj yeem pom cov teeb meem raws sijhawm, thiab nce qib ntawm cov teeb meem me me mus rau hauv qhov xwm txheej loj.
Tom qab lub txee tiv thaiv av tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, nws muab cov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo uas ruaj khov thiab tswj tau rau lub kaw lus, ua rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv relay ntes tau cov teeb liab tsis zoo sai thiab meej, thiab txiav txim siab qhov chaw thiab hom kev tsis zoo. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov ceeb toom thiab qhov chaw ntawm kab rau cov teeb meem me me ntawm lub tshuab, thiab ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv tripping sai sai los txiav lub voj voog txhaum yog tias muaj kev txhaum loj heev los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm qhov tsis zoo, txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo thiab qib kev tiv thaiv ntse ntawm lub zog fais fab.
3.4 Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb Tus Kheej thiab Tsim Kom Muaj Kev Nyab Xeeb Hluav Taws Xob Zoo
Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau, qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab cov hluav taws xob xau yuav raug xa mus rau cov plhaub khoom siv thiab cov kab av, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev raug hluav taws xob siab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas thiab txij nkawm. Los ntawm kev tswj qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm thiab txwv qhov hluav taws xob xau av, lub txee tiv thaiv av txo qhov hluav taws xob hauv av ntawm cov plhaub khoom siv, tswj qhov hluav taws xob sib cuag thiab qhov hluav taws xob kauj ruam hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg kev nyab xeeb ntawm tib neeg, tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug hluav taws xob ntawm tus kheej los ntawm qab ntawm kev tsim khoom siv, thiab tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg saib xyuas.
4. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev yuav tsum tau teeb tsa cov txee tiv thaiv av ntawm cov chav tsev muaj zog siab
Feem ntau cov tshuab hluav taws xob qis tsis xav tau cov txee tiv thaiv av, uas piav qhia txog kev paub tsawg ntawm cov khoom siv no. Txawm li cas los xij,Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob diesel siab uas muaj zog ntawm 6kV thiab siab dua yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov txee tiv thaiv avCov kab ke uas muaj hluav taws xob tsawg muaj qhov txhaum tsawg thiab muaj kev phom sij ntawm hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab kev sib txuas ncaj qha tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev nyab xeeb. Qhov sib txawv, cov kab ke uas muaj hluav taws xob ntau muaj cov hluav taws xob siab thiab lub zog ntau, thiab qhov tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kev sib txuas hauv av yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hlawv khoom siv, kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub kaw lus thiab kev poob hluav taws xob ntawm tus kheej.
Hauv cov xwm txheej thauj khoom theem ib xws li cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, chav kho mob tseem ceeb, cov kab tsim khoom lag luam thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev ruaj khov ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob diesel siab muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab lub neej txhua hnub. Ua ib lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv passive passive, lub txee tiv thaiv av tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tes lossis lub zog sab nraud, thiab teb tau sai sai thaum muaj qhov tsis zoo nrog kev ntseeg siab heev. Nws yog lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau hauv lub kaw lus tiv thaiv av ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab thiab tseem yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov lus qhia kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub zog hauv kev lag luam.
5. Xaus Lus: Ib Lub Txee Me Me Uas Muaj Cov Haujlwm Zoo
Lub txee tiv thaiv av ua haujlwm zoo li lub cuab yeej pabcuam yooj yim, ua haujlwm ua tus saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb tsis pom rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob diesel siab. Nws tsis koom nrog kev tsim hluav taws xob lossis cuam tshuam rau kev muab hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj, tab sis tuaj yeem zam ntau yam kev phom sij ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob los ntawm kev txwv tam sim no, arc ploj mus, voltage stabilization, kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv thiab kev tiv thaiv tus kheej thaum muaj qhov tsis zoo tam sim ntawd, ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb mus sij hawm ntev.
Rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob diesel uas muaj hluav taws xob ntau, lub txee tiv thaiv av tsis yog ib qho khoom siv xaiv tau, tab sis yog ib lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas lav lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv, kev ruaj khov ntawm lub kaw lus thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej, ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-10-2026
